- Radiasi bunga api / Arc Radiation
Radiasi bunga api dihasilkan dari sinar Ultra Violet (UV) dan sinar infra merah (IR) dan apabila Kita terpajan dapat menyebabkan: / Arch radiation is a result of ULTRA-VIOLET (UV) and INFRA-
- Kanker kulit / Skin cancer
- Kulit terbakar / Thermal Skin Burn (severe sun burn)
- Mata terbakar / Arch Flash (welder Flash) or Eye Burn which can result in inflammation of the cornea, Cataracts or Blindness.
Alat Pelindung Diri yang diperlukan /Protection Required Includes:
· Helm las yang memenuhi standard dan terdapat filter / an approved welding helmet with the correct filter and shade number.
· Kacamata safety yang berguna untuk menahan sinar UV dan IR serta mengurangi / Safety glasses which will help to refract (bend away) the UV and IR Rays away reducing the chances of Arch Flash.
· Selalu pergunakan pakaian pelindung yang melindungi seluruh tubuh dari potensi terbakar, diantaranya: / Always wear protection full covering clothing to shield your body for potential burn eg:
o Kain wool atau katun yang tahan api atau percikan api / Overall or flame resistant wool or cotton.
o Jaket kulit / Leather apron and jackets
o Selalu menggunakan sarung tangan kulit / Always wear leather gloves
o Semacam topi pelindung kepala / Skull cap (for overhead welding)
o Pergunakan sekat pelindung ketika bekerja di area terbuka / Screen the welding zone when welding in open spaces.
· Kilatan cahaya api las dapat mengenai Kitawalaupun tanpa melihat secara langsung / A welding flash can occur by indirectly viewing the arch even for a relatively short time eg:
o Unconsciously looking out the corner of the eye.
o Looking away from the arch (close eyes then turn away)
o Dipantulkan oleh permukaan yang mengkilat / Reflections of the arch from shiny surfaces.
- Sengatan Listrik / Electric Shock
· Jangan pegang bagian logam yang dilas dengan tangan tanpa pelindung atau baju yang basah / Never touch live metal part with bare skin or wet clothing.
· Jaga sarung tangan dan baju pelindung tetap kering dan bebas dari oli atau gemuk / Keep gloves and Protective clothing dry and free of oil and grease.
· Jangan lilitkan atau putarkan kabel las disekitar tubuh Anda / Never coil or loop welding cable around your body.
· Jangan mengelas diatas permukaan basah atau di diatas air / Don’t weld while standing on a wet surface or while standing in water.
- Uap Logam dan Gas / Fumes and Gases
Dihasilkan oleh mencairnya logam, penguapan dan reaksi-reaksi lain yang terjadi, yang berupa logam atau gas termasuk dalam bunga api pengelasan /Caused by the melting, vapourisation and other reaction of the consumables, base metals and gases (where applicable) involved in the welding arc.
Beberapa kontaminasi yang umum /Some common contaminants:
Kontamina / Contaminant | Sumber / Source |
Uap Besi / Iron Fumes | Vaporization of iron from base metal and electrode coatings. |
Chromium | Stainless steel, electrode coating, plantings |
Nickel | Stainless steel, nickel clad steel |
Zinc Fume | Vaporization of zinc alloys, electrode coatings galvanized steel, zinc-primed steel. |
Uap logam tembaga / Cooper Fume | Vaporization of coating on electrode wires, sheaths on air carbon arch gouging electrodes, cooper alloys |
Vanadium, Manganese, Molybdenum | Welding rods, alloying element in stells |
Timah / Tin | Tin coating steel, some nonferrous alloys |
Cadmium | Plating |
Timbal / Lead (Pb) | Fluxes, coating on electrodes, flux in wires. |
Carbon Monoxide (CO) | Combustible product of gas metal arc welding, air carbon arc gouging, oxyfuel flames, exhaust from car engines. |
Ozone (O3) | Gas metal arch welding, air carbon arc gauging, titanium and aluminium welding in inert gas atmosphere. |
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) | Gas metal arc welding, oxyfuel flame process |
Phosgene | Welding of metal covered with chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents |
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